Middle and New Kingdom inscriptions of the Wadi Hammamat : practice and context
The Wadi Hammamat which provides a route from the Nile to the Red Sea has been used by the inhabitants of Egypt since the earliest times. This thesis studies the Middle and new Kingdom inscription found in the wadi with special reference to those left by the expeditions sent there for <I>bekhen</I>-stone. In the Middle and New Kingdom inscriptions studied in this thesis the size of the expeditions and the status of the senior commanders, in one case the vizier, indicates that <I>bekhen</I>-stone was a prized material. The inscriptions which were selected for study on the basis of completeness, significance of contribution and interest of content, have been translated and given detailed examination in order to extract information about the organization of the expeditions and the underlying concepts in the Egyptian culture which provided the motivation of the investment of resource which they represent. The thesis provides first translations for many inscriptions and first full translations into English for others. The results of the study show that expeditions organization reflected the four key royal qualities, the traditional division of the Egypt into the Two Lands and the national unity under the king.
MacDonagh, M. P.
Middle and New Kingdom inscriptions of the Wadi Hammamat : practice and context. The Wadi Hammamat which provides a route from the Nile to the Red Sea has been used by the inhabitants of Egypt since the earliest times. This thesis studies the Middle and new Kingdom inscription found in the wadi with special reference to those left by the expeditions sent there for <I>bekhen</I>-stone. In the Middle and New Kingdom inscriptions studied in this thesis the size of the expeditions and the status of the senior commanders, in one case the vizier, indicates that <I>bekhen</I>-stone was a prized material. The inscriptions which were selected for study on the basis of completeness, significance of contribution and interest of content, have been translated and given detailed examination in order to extract information about the organization of the expeditions and the underlying concepts in the Egyptian culture which provided the motivation of the investment of resource which they represent. The thesis provides first translations for many inscriptions and first full translations into English for others. The results of the study show that expeditions organization reflected the four key royal qualities, the traditional division of the Egypt into the Two Lands and the national unity under the king.
middle new_kingdom inscription practice context provide route nile red_sea use inhabitant egypt since early time study middle new_kingdom inscription find special_reference leave expedition send stone middle new_kingdom inscription study size expedition status senior commander case indicate stone material inscription select study basis completeness significance interest content translate give_detailed examination order extract information organization expedition underlie concept egyptian_culture provide motivation investment resource represent provide_first translation many inscription first_full translation_english others study_show expedition organization reflect four_key royal quality traditional division egypt national_unity king