Phonological processes in the acquisition of liquid and stop segments in English by Anaang speakers
Research has shown that the second language (L2) learner's phonological system is shaped by a number of processes which interact in various ways to produce a variable interlanguage sysem. This study examines the extent to which transfer, developmental and universal processes operate in the acquisition of liquid (/r,l) an stop (p, b, t, d, k, g/) segments in English by native speakers of Anaang. A number of different elicitation task are used: word lists, sentence lists, texts and interview conversation. Liquid segments are tested in four phonetic environments across tasks - initial, cluster, medical and final - and stop segments in the final position across the same range of tasks. The data are collected from Anaang speakers of different proficiency levels in L2 English: low, lower intermediate, upper intermediate and advanced. Data are also collected from native speakers of English for purposes of comparison. The results indicate that while transfer remains the predominant process, it interacts constantly with development and universal processes. Furthermore, the manifestation or non manifestation of the phenomena tested are determined by the linguistic context, the speech situation (casual or careful) and
Idem, Unyierie Angela Walter
Phonological processes in the acquisition of liquid and stop segments in English by Anaang speakers. Research has shown that the second language (L2) learner's phonological system is shaped by a number of processes which interact in various ways to produce a variable interlanguage sysem. This study examines the extent to which transfer, developmental and universal processes operate in the acquisition of liquid (/r,l) an stop (p, b, t, d, k, g/) segments in English by native speakers of Anaang. A number of different elicitation task are used: word lists, sentence lists, texts and interview conversation. Liquid segments are tested in four phonetic environments across tasks - initial, cluster, medical and final - and stop segments in the final position across the same range of tasks. The data are collected from Anaang speakers of different proficiency levels in L2 English: low, lower intermediate, upper intermediate and advanced. Data are also collected from native speakers of English for purposes of comparison. The results indicate that while transfer remains the predominant process, it interacts constantly with development and universal processes. Furthermore, the manifestation or non manifestation of the phenomena tested are determined by the linguistic context, the speech situation (casual or careful) and
phonological_process acquisition liquid stop segment english speaker show second_language_learner phonological_system shape number process interact various_way produce variable interlanguage study_examines extent transfer developmental universal process_operate acquisition liquid stop segment english_native speaker number_different elicitation task use word_list sentence list texts interview conversation liquid segment test phonetic environment across task initial cluster medical final stop segment final position across range task data_collect speaker different proficiency_level english low low intermediate upper intermediate advance data also collect native_speaker_english purpose_comparison indicate transfer remain predominant process interact constantly development universal process furthermore manifestation non manifestation phenomenon test determine linguistic context speech situation casual careful