The emergence of modern civil police in Scotland : a case study of the police and systems of police in Edinburghshire, 1800-1833
The Police in Britain have been a focus for academic research over a number of decades but there is a dearth of historic authority about the service north of the border. Lack of information is lamentable, for Scotland through its own legal institutions entrenched in the Treaty of Union, has developed a distinct system of criminal justice and a Police service with unique democratic features. Prior to the Union of the Crowns, the crowner in Scotland was the local enforcement officer under the direction of the Sheriff who apart from administrative functions, was responsible for maintaining law and order in the Shire. James VI introduced Justices of the Peace and constables in Scotland by legal transplant. As the metropolis, Edinburgh had constables appointed from 1611 before an APS in 1617 led to their introduction throughout the kingdom. For almost two centuries the traditional role and responsibilities of constables north and south of the border, developed along similar lines but under different forms of judicial control and direction. Whereas in England local judicial authority lay with JP's, in Scotland their legal status remained below that of the Sheriff in the shire and the Bailies in burgh towns. Despite
McGowan, John
Criminal justice
The emergence of modern civil police in Scotland : a case study of the police and systems of police in Edinburghshire, 1800-1833. The Police in Britain have been a focus for academic research over a number of decades but there is a dearth of historic authority about the service north of the border. Lack of information is lamentable, for Scotland through its own legal institutions entrenched in the Treaty of Union, has developed a distinct system of criminal justice and a Police service with unique democratic features. Prior to the Union of the Crowns, the crowner in Scotland was the local enforcement officer under the direction of the Sheriff who apart from administrative functions, was responsible for maintaining law and order in the Shire. James VI introduced Justices of the Peace and constables in Scotland by legal transplant. As the metropolis, Edinburgh had constables appointed from 1611 before an APS in 1617 led to their introduction throughout the kingdom. For almost two centuries the traditional role and responsibilities of constables north and south of the border, developed along similar lines but under different forms of judicial control and direction. Whereas in England local judicial authority lay with JP's, in Scotland their legal status remained below that of the Sheriff in the shire and the Bailies in burgh towns. Despite
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